Human Adaptations to the Last Glacial Maximum
The Solutrean and its Neighbors
The book assembles new insights into humanity’s social, cultural and economic developments during the Last Glacial Maximum in Western Europe and adjacent regions. It gathers original, up-to-date research results on the Solutrean techno-complex, reflecting four major fields of research: data from current excavations; analysis of lithic assemblages; new results from studies on climatic conditions and human-environmental interactions; and insights into artistic expressions. New methodological and analytical approaches are applied, providing significant contributions to Paleolithic research beyond the Last Glacial Maximum.
This book assembles new insights into humanity’s developments during the Last Glacial Maximum in Western Europe. It gathers up-to-date research on the Solutrean techno-complex, exploring excavations, lithic analysis, human-environmental interactions, and artistic expressions.
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Old theories for the origins of domesticated animals and plants from the East and the spread of farming and husbandry in Europe have affected generations of archaeologists, resulting in several theories of migrations of populations. However, there is no evidence in the archaeological record of population movements from the East, while so far the contribution of the pre-Neolithic populations of the Aegean has been neglected. This book shows that Mesolithic hunter-gatherers developed a dense maritime network on the Aegean islands and contributed to the Neolithisation process, transferring domesticated species from…
Challenging theories of mass migration, this book shows that Mesolithic hunter-gatherers used a dense maritime network to transfer domesticated species from the East. Based on 25 years of excavations, it reveals how these Aegean populations drove the Neolithisation process.
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The Amerindian Microcosm
Anthropology, Comparative History, Ecology, Genetics and Evolution
As this book shows, a fascinating chapter of the human evolutionary history has been written in the American continent. In pre-Columbian times, America was inhabited by hunter-gatherer peoples, although, in some places, new technological innovations arose, resulting in the emergence of organized states and cities larger than some important European counterparts. The arrival of the European conquerors and settlers and African slaves dramatically changed the course of this history, however. Despite the turmoil in this post-contact period, some small and isolated communities maintaining hunter-gatherer lifestyles and speaking rare Native…
Explore the epic history of the Americas, from hunter-gatherers to vast cities. This book uses revolutionary genomic science to trace the past, present, and future of Native peoples, uncovering a story essential to all humankind.
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Hunter-Gatherers’ Tool-Kit
A Functional Perspective
This volume provides the reader with a multifaceted overview of the study of stone tools used by humans in the past. Including case studies from various geographic regions and different continents, and covering a wide range of chronologies, the contributions here are centred on the study of human communities based on a hunter-gatherer lifestyle. A number of essays in this volume focus on tool production and use, and address major paleoanthropological questions related to past human economic and social behaviour. The book also includes detailed and careful studies of human…
This volume provides a multifaceted overview of the study of stone tools. With case studies from various continents centred on hunter-gatherer communities, it explores tool production and use to address major questions about past human economic and social behaviour.
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This book is the first complete synthesis of research undertaken so far on the Upper Palaeolithic archaeology of the Caucasus. It discusses the cultural changes that took place across Upper Palaeolithic industries and in the subsistence strategies of modern humans across the entire duration of this period, from approximately 40,000 to 10,000 years ago, in the context of the environmental changes that affected the population in this region. The book views the Upper Palaeolithic of the Caucasus in comparison to various other cultural entities from this period that…
This is the first complete synthesis of research on the Upper Palaeolithic archaeology of the Caucasus. It discusses the cultural and subsistence changes of modern humans from 40,000 to 10,000 years ago, in the context of environmental change and surrounding Eurasian cultures.
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Lemesos
A History of Limassol in Cyprus from Antiquity to the Ottoman Conquest
This volume is the first scholarly work in English examining the history of the town and district of Limassol in Cyprus from antiquity to the 1570/1 Ottoman conquest of the island. Based on original research and adopting a multidisciplinary approach, six established scholars study Limassol’s political, social, and economic history, as well as its artistic and cultural contribution in ancient, Byzantine, Frankish, and Venetian times. A second volume will explore the history of Limassol up to 1960.
This is the first scholarly work in English on the history of Limassol, Cyprus, from antiquity to the 1570 Ottoman conquest. Six scholars explore Limassol’s political, social, economic, artistic, and cultural history.
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This book consists of 21 papers on the influence of Ancient Greek philosophy on the contemporary world. It covers such areas as history, economy, art and architecture, mythology and the Riddle of Tartessus, along with an introductory essay by Professor P. Pavlopoulos, the President of the Hellenic Republic. The volume discusses a great variety of topics, including the contribution of the ancient Greek spirit to the development of contemporary western civilization, a conflict between Newton and Democritus, the side effects of natural disasters from classical Antiquity until the present day,…
The influence of Ancient Greece on contemporary western civilization is irrefutable. The multivalent nature of such an influence is reflected in the wide-ranging essays of this volume, which cover such areas as economy, art, architecture, philosophy, medicine, and mythology.
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The Recumbent Stone Circles of Aberdeenshire
Archaeology, Design, Astronomy and Methods
Recumbent Stone Circles are a distinctive architectural style of British stone circle. Built circa 2500 BC, they dominated the Late Neolithic landscape of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. This book discusses their archaeology and, using experimental archaeology, explains how the original builders went about building these magnificent stone circles. Sharing the results of the author’s unique experiments, the book demonstrates how measured ropes were used to set out the geometrical design of the stone rings, as well as dictate the dimensions of the circle’s respective orthostats. Moreover, given the book’s provision of…
Using experimental archaeology, this book explains how Aberdeenshire’s Recumbent Stone Circles were built. It reveals how prehistoric communities created a network of inter-aligned stone circles, using them to synchronise time and space through their shared astronomy.
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Tumuli and megaliths mark the landscape of Eurasia and are rich in data, mystery, and legends. Books about them are often monographic or have a local range. This collection of essays highlights and brings together 74 authors from 16 countries, from Portugal to Japan and Indonesia. They offer a diversity of regional backgrounds, theoretical perspectives, and scientific approaches relevant to anyone working in history, archaeology, anthropology, and heritage. Densely illustrated and written in a way that is understandable to anyone, it is easily accessible to students, professors, researchers, and cultural…
Tumuli and megaliths across Eurasia are rich in mystery. This collection unites 74 authors from 16 countries, offering diverse perspectives. Accessible and illustrated, it’s for anyone in history, archaeology, or heritage, or interested in past cultures and ancient architecture.
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Goddess Mystery Cults and the Miracle of Minyan Prehistoric Greece
The Path of the Serpent
As this book demonstrates, the cradle of the Mystery Cults of the Goddess and of Western civilization is the Aegean region, an area extending from the Balkans to Crete and from the Ionian Sea to Asia Minor. The Eleusinian Mysteries do not originate from Old Europe or Egypt, but from the worship of the Pelasgian goddess Daeira, Mother Earth, who preceded Demeter and whose cult was indigenous to Eleusis. As shown here, in the Mysteries of the Goddess, the initiates descend into the depths of their psyche, perceive the…
The cradle of the Mystery Cults is the Aegean, where initiates achieved cosmic consciousness. This book argues that prehistoric Minyans and Minoans, possessing advanced pre-Flood knowledge, sailed the Atlantic and reached the copper mines of America in the third millennium.
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This book details the importance of the many years of excavation Sarakenos Cave, Greece, carried out from 1994 until today. This site has been proven to be the largest inhabited cave of the prehistoric period in Greece with 12 phases of habitation from the Middle Paleolithic to the Bronze Age. The text discusses the cultural sequence from the time when Neanderthals settled in the cave around 40000 years BP until the end of prehistory. Special importance is given to the paleo-environment (vegetation and climate) of the area per period, which…
This book details excavations at Sarakenos Cave, Greece’s largest prehistoric inhabited cave. It explores the cultural sequence from Neanderthals around 40,000 years ago to the Bronze Age, reconstructing the ancient environment based on pollen samples.
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This volume showcases ways of displaying power in the Ancient world from Egypt’s 18th Dynasty, encompassing ancient Greece, until the Sassanian Empire. It looks at how power was understood as the ability to influence others or events. This premise is applied to the Ancient world, analysing a variety of evidence and narratives from this period. The contributors explore the topic through themes such as art, mythology, literature, archaeology, and identity.
Through art, mythology, literature, and archaeology, this volume uncovers how power was displayed in the Ancient world, from Egypt’s 18th Dynasty to the Sassanian Empire.
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Data on gravity reveal a fascinating world of otherwise hidden phenomena, allowing us to “see” under the glaciers or beneath the sands. This book deals with subglacial areas like Antarctica and Greenland, as well as providing insights into features present under the sands of the Sahara (such as paleolakes) or at the ocean bottom (including a putative impact crater possibly related to the biblical flood). It analyses both static and variable gravity fields, and will help to distinguish the areas in which oil and gas can be found with higher…
Data on gravity reveal a fascinating hidden world, allowing us to “see” under glaciers or beneath desert sands. This book explores subglacial Antarctica, Saharan paleolakes, and ocean-bottom craters, and analyses gravity fields to help find oil and gas with higher probability.
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Use-wear Analysis on Quartzite Flaked Tools
The Experimental Development of a Method
Quartzite is a particularly frequently used lithology for knapping stone tools throughout all stages of human evolution. Despite this, however, there is a surprising lack of detailed methodological research on the formation and appearance of use-wear on this type of rock. As such, this book fills in a gap in the research, and proposes a new method to analyse use-wear on quartzite, by evaluating the variability of use-wear appearance on different rock varieties. This book is conceived as a handbook for the application of microwear analysis on quartzite, and is…
Despite its frequent use for stone tools, there is a lack of research on use-wear on quartzite. This handbook fills that gap, proposing a new method for students and analysts that uses scanning electron microscopy to overcome the obstacles posed by the rock’s irregular surface.
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Byzantine Settlements of the Negev Desert
An Archaeological and Historical Synthesis
This book presents a complementary synthesis of the newest research on the Negev Desert (Israel) in the Byzantine period (363-640 AD) including a holistic analysis of archaeological reports, historical sources, and field surveys with the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The contextualization of settlement trends in the region reveals the subjectivity of some of earlier theories, which means that the study uses models developed as part of the French École des Annales discussion on the concept of long duration. Looking at the evolution of settlement from a regional and…
This book synthesizes the newest research on the Byzantine Negev Desert (363-640 AD). Using archaeology, historical sources, and UAV surveys, it challenges earlier theories and reveals a cycle of long settlement expansion followed by sudden breakdowns.
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Chronology and Evolution within the Mesolithic of North-West Europe
Proceedings of an International Meeting, Brussels, May 30th-June 1st 2007
Since its development in 1949, radiocarbon dating has increasingly been used in prehistoric research in order to get a better grip on the chronology of sites, cultures and environmental changes. Refinement of the dating, sampling and calibration methods has continuously created new and challenging perspectives for absolute dating. In these proceedings the focus lies on the contribution of carbon-14 dates in current Mesolithic research in North-West Europe. Altogether 40 papers dealing with radiocarbon dates from 15 different countries are presented. Major themes…
These proceedings focus on the contribution of carbon-14 dates to Mesolithic research in North-West Europe. 40 papers cover themes like lithic industries, settlement patterns, burial practices, human impact on the environment, and neolithisation.
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Early Farmers, Late Foragers, and Ceramic Traditions
On the Beginning of Pottery in the Near East and Europe
This work presents the most recent views on a subject of primordial importance for all students of history: the understanding of humankind’s process of becoming, viewed through the study of the beginnings of pottery in the late forager, and early farmer societies of Europe. It is a collection of essays, by some of the prominent European scholars and young dynamic archaeologists whose works focus on the early European and Middle Eastern pottery, intended to present a new perspective on the rise of a new technology in…
Prominent scholars present new perspectives on the beginnings of pottery in Europe’s late forager and early farmer societies. This collection of essays explores the rise of a new technology, offering a fascinating read for scholars and the public alike.
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The Business of Heritage
Global Archaeology and International Consultancy
Throughout the world, consultant archaeologists are at work on heritage assessments covering a broad range of fields, subjects, techniques, locations and connections. Due to government legislations to protect heritage, an industry has developed where archaeology is inextricably linked to business. The result is the production of a vast amount of material not widely seen, with the result of the heritage work often remaining unpublished. This collection of papers examines how heritage is undertaken as a business, and what this means for the ongoing protection of the past and development of…
Archaeology is a global business. This collection of papers by international specialists examines how heritage consultancy protects the past and develops archaeological knowledge. From NASA’s space facilities to Roman ruins, this book provides global insights.
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Experimental Archaeology and Neolithic Architecture
Between Design and Construction
Our understanding of the construction processes involved with British Neolithic architecture needs further investigation. The people were preliterate and there is no archaeological evidence of written or pictorial information regarding construction. So how could they build complex monuments like Stonehenge without a plan? This book argues that the Neolithic builders used rudimentary techniques to plan before building their monuments (circa 4000 – 2500 BC) – essentially, using ropes to set out the physical design of any structure they intended to build, whilst finger reckoning numeracy dictated how their measured ropes…
How did preliterate people build complex monuments like Stonehenge without a plan? This book argues Neolithic builders used rudimentary techniques: ropes to set out the design, finger reckoning for measurement, and the sun’s shadow for orientation.
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This volume contains the results of archaeological research carried out at Grotta Mora Cavorso, a fascinating cave in the still-pristine landscape of the Simbruini Mountains along the Upper Aniene River Valley, central Italy. The book is written by archaeologists for archaeologists, as well as for lovers of archaeology, history and speleology; it describes and critically discusses a wide range of scientific and anthropological analyses carried out over the last 15 years, while integrating them within the contemporary theoretical debate. The first of three volumes, it covers the Historic and Protohistoric…
This volume presents the results of archaeological research at Grotta Mora Cavorso, a cave in central Italy. Covering the Historic and Protohistoric periods, it reveals the cave’s complex, multi-layered use as a burial and ritual place, a hermitage, and even a war refuge.
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